Integer Overflow and Underflow Attacks Explained: How Math Bugs Broke Smart Contracts
Integer overflow and underflow attacks exploit how the EVM handles arithmetic — when a number exceeds its maximum or drops below zero, it wraps around silently. Attackers used this to mint quadrillions of tokens, bypass balance checks, and drain contracts. Learn how the BEC token incident, the SMT hack, and the Poolz exploit worked — why Solidity 0.8.0 changed everything with built-in overflow checks, and why some contracts are still vulnerable today.